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Prototype. These numbers are estimated from satellite images, not measured in the water. Don't use them to decide whether to swim; check your county or state health department for algae advisories.

Minnesota lakes / Lake Pepin

Lake Pepin

Goodhue and Wabasha County, Minnesota · 104.41 km² of open water · open-water seasons 2024 to 2026, May 15 to Oct 15

Water greenness, 2026 season0.08NDCI, reads as green · +0.03 vs 2025
Latest chlorophyll-a estimate9.2 µg/LOct 7, 2026 · low-skill model, see below
Outline © OpenStreetMap contributors, north up

Is the water getting greener?

NDCI (normalised difference chlorophyll index) compares the red light the water reflects with the deep red just beyond it, the red edge. Chlorophyll absorbs the first and algae reflect the second, so the index rises as algae grow. Below zero the water is mostly clear; above about 0.05 it is green. Each point is one month's average over every cloud-free water pixel Sentinel-2 saw, May 15 to Oct 15 each year.

Water greenness (NDCI), monthlyThe 2026 season averaged NDCI 0.08, against 0.06 in 2025.
-0.40-0.200.000.200.400.60JunJulAugSepOct
Indicator: NDCI = (red edge − red) / (red edge + red), monthly mean over cloud-free water pixels, Sentinel-2 L2A. Same scale on every Minnesota lake page. Higher is greener.Source: satellitedata.net zonal statistics; Copernicus Sentinel-2 (ESA)
Show the numbers
SeasonWhenNDCIDetail
2026May 20260.08middle half 0.06 to 0.11 · 5 Sentinel-2 scenes
2026Jun 20260.04middle half 0.00 to 0.06 · 7 Sentinel-2 scenes
2026Jul 20260.15middle half 0.08 to 0.20 · 10 Sentinel-2 scenes
2026Aug 20260.09middle half 0.05 to 0.11 · 7 Sentinel-2 scenes
2026Sep 20260.09middle half 0.04 to 0.14 · 6 Sentinel-2 scenes
2026Oct 20260.04middle half 0.02 to 0.06 · 6 Sentinel-2 scenes
2025May 20250.07middle half 0.03 to 0.12 · 4 Sentinel-2 scenes
2025Jun 20250.04middle half 0.00 to 0.06 · 6 Sentinel-2 scenes
2025Jul 20250.06middle half 0.04 to 0.08 · 10 Sentinel-2 scenes
2025Aug 20250.05middle half 0.02 to 0.06 · 9 Sentinel-2 scenes
2025Sep 20250.06middle half 0.03 to 0.09 · 6 Sentinel-2 scenes
2025Oct 20250.06middle half 0.03 to 0.08 · 4 Sentinel-2 scenes
2024May 20240.03middle half 0.01 to 0.05 · 5 Sentinel-2 scenes
2024Jun 20240.01middle half -0.01 to 0.02 · 4 Sentinel-2 scenes
2024Jul 20240.04middle half 0.01 to 0.07 · 8 Sentinel-2 scenes
2024Aug 20240.07middle half 0.03 to 0.10 · 10 Sentinel-2 scenes
2024Sep 20240.14middle half 0.09 to 0.17 · 11 Sentinel-2 scenes
2024Oct 20240.05middle half 0.04 to 0.07 · 3 Sentinel-2 scenes

Chlorophyll-a estimate

Treat these numbers as a placeholder. The model that made them explains only 10% of the variation in measured chlorophyll on samples it never saw (test R² 0.10), and it was trained on estuary water, not lakes. This page gives no trophic-state label until a model with test R² of 0.5 or more replaces it. Use the greenness chart above to compare seasons.

For the clearest Landsat pass of each month (at least half the lake visible), the RemoteSensing water-quality model predicts chlorophyll-a for every water pixel more than 60 m from shore. Each point is the lake's median.

Chlorophyll-a, clearest pass each monthThe latest estimate is 9.2 µg/L (Oct 7, 2026), from a model with a test R² of 0.10.
0.05.010.015.020.0JunJulAugSepOct
Indicator: Chlorophyll-a, µg/L, median of water pixels more than 60 m from shore; model chl_a_best_overall_ElasticNet_td1_cc0_Estuary_block_50km_baseline_raw8_default.pkl.gz. µg/L, median of water pixels. Same scale on every Minnesota lake page.Source: satellitedata.net (USGS Landsat 8 and 9 Collection 2 L2); RemoteSensing water-quality model
Show the numbers
SeasonWhenµg/LDetail
2026May 24, 202610.4 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 9.8 to 11.0 · 105,427 water pixels
2026Jul 27, 202611.6 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 10.6 to 13.2 · 92,339 water pixels
2026Aug 28, 202610.3 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 9.9 to 11.2 · 102,721 water pixels
2026Oct 7, 20269.2 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 8.7 to 9.6 · 104,345 water pixels
2025May 29, 20259.4 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 8.7 to 10.1 · 104,281 water pixels
2025Jul 8, 202510.4 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 9.5 to 11.1 · 97,064 water pixels
2025Aug 1, 202512.5 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 10.6 to 15.5 · 97,896 water pixels
2025Sep 26, 20259.6 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 8.9 to 10.3 · 104,529 water pixels
2024May 18, 20249.5 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 8.4 to 10.8 · 81,386 water pixels
2024Jul 29, 202412.0 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 10.2 to 13.8 · 70,312 water pixels
2024Aug 6, 202410.6 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 10.0 to 11.2 · 84,752 water pixels
2024Sep 7, 202410.4 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 10.0 to 10.7 · 99,427 water pixels
2024Oct 9, 20249.6 µg/L10th to 90th percentile 9.0 to 10.0 · 104,940 water pixels

Where the numbers come from

The model behind these estimates

Bundle
chl_a_best_overall_ElasticNet_td1_cc0_Estuary_block_50km_baseline_raw8_default.pkl.gz
Estimator
ElasticNet, best_overall by RemoteSensing's baseline framework v4.0
Trained on
651 matched samples, water type: Estuary
Test R²
0.10 (the share of variation in measured chlorophyll it explains on held-out samples; this site labels lakes only at 0.5 or more)
Typical error
±5.5 µg/L (mean absolute error on held-out samples)
Inputs
Landsat surface reflectance in blue, green, nir, red, swir1, swir2; scene cloud cover
Code
RemoteSensing.Scripts services.ml_inference_engine.MLInferenceEngine