{
 "topic": "senate",
 "site": "electiondata.dev",
 "place": {
  "id": "us-tx",
  "name": "Texas",
  "level": "us-state",
  "parent": "usa",
  "path": "us/tx",
  "slug": "tx",
  "state": "tx",
  "state_name": "Texas",
  "state_id": "us-tx"
 },
 "question": "How did Texas vote for the Senate?",
 "answer": {
  "verdict": "Ted Cruz (Republican) won by 8.5 points",
  "value": 8.5,
  "unit": " pts",
  "digits": 1,
  "label": "Senate, 2024: winner's margin",
  "lines": [
   "Ted Cruz (Republican) 53.1%, Colin Allred (Democrat) 44.6%, Ted Brown (Libertarian) 2.4%",
   "11,291,854 votes for Senate candidates"
  ]
 },
 "as_of": "2024",
 "as_of_label": "2024",
 "charts": [
  {
   "id": "senate-margin",
   "title": "Every regular Senate election in Texas since 1976",
   "description": "17 regular elections; Democrats were ahead in 3 and Republicans in 14.",
   "indicator": "Democratic candidate's share of Senate votes minus the Republican's, points (regular elections; special elections are in the table)",
   "subtitle": "Democratic share minus Republican share, in points. Above the line: the Democrat got more votes.",
   "x": {
    "kind": "year"
   },
   "y": {
    "digits": 1,
    "unit": " pts",
    "format": "party-margin"
   },
   "layers": [
    {
     "type": "bars",
     "name": "Margin",
     "base": 0,
     "points": [
      [
       1976,
       14.547,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1978,
       -0.528,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1982,
       18.093,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1984,
       -17.101,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1988,
       19.171,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1990,
       -22.824,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1994,
       -22.538,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1996,
       -10.835,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2000,
       -32.768,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2002,
       -11.974,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2006,
       -25.647,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2008,
       -11.983,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2012,
       -15.833,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2014,
       -27.195,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2018,
       -2.568,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2020,
       -9.639,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       2024,
       -8.498,
       "rep"
      ]
     ],
     "legend": [
      {
       "label": "Democrat ahead",
       "cls": "dem"
      },
      {
       "label": "Republican ahead",
       "cls": "rep"
      }
     ]
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "limits": [
  "Statewide totals say nothing about who voted or why.",
  "Candidates with a party's support under another name (Minnesota's DFL, New York's fusion lines) are counted with that party, as the MIT data's simplified party does; independents stay independents."
 ],
 "method": "Each candidate's votes are summed over every ballot line; blank, over- and under-votes are left out. The margin is the winner's share of the votes minus the runner-up's. A runoff, where held, is the result.",
 "sources": [
  {
   "name": "electiondata.dev senate-results, version 2026-10-25.247421eda6",
   "url": "https://electiondata.dev/",
   "license": "CC0 1.0"
  },
  {
   "name": "MIT Election Data and Science Lab, U.S. Senate statewide 1976-2024",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/PEJ5QU",
   "license": "CC0 1.0"
  }
 ],
 "check": {
  "races": [
   {
    "year": 1976,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 3874230,
    "votes": {
     "Lloyd Bentsen": 2199956,
     "Alan Steelman": 1636370,
     "Pedro Vasquez": 20549,
     "Marjorie P. Gallion": 17355
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1978,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 2312540,
    "votes": {
     "John G. Tower": 1151376,
     "Robert Krueger": 1139149,
     "Luis A. Diaz De Loen": 17869,
     "Miguel Pendas": 4018
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1982,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 3103167,
    "votes": {
     "Lloyd Bentsen": 1818223,
     "Jim Collins": 1256759,
     "John E. Ford": 23494,
     "Lineaus Hooper Lorette": 4564
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1984,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 5314178,
    "votes": {
     "Phil Gramm": 3111348,
     "Lloyd Doggett": 2202557
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1988,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 5323606,
    "votes": {
     "Lloyd Bentsen": 3149806,
     "Beau Boulter": 2129228,
     "Jeff Daiell": 43989
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1990,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 3822157,
    "votes": {
     "Phil Gramm": 2302357,
     "Hugh Parmer": 1429986,
     "Gary Johnson": 89089
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1994,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 4279940,
    "votes": {
     "Kay Bailey Hutchison": 2604218,
     "Richard Fisher": 1639615,
     "Pierre Blondeau": 36107
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1996,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 5527441,
    "votes": {
     "Phil Gramm": 3027680,
     "Victor M. Morales": 2428776,
     "Michael Bird": 51516,
     "John Huff": 19469
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2000,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 6267964,
    "votes": {
     "Kay Bailey Hutchison": 4078954,
     "Gene Kelly": 2025024,
     "Douglas S. Sandage": 91329,
     "Mary J. Ruwart": 72657
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2002,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 4514012,
    "votes": {
     "John Cornyn": 2496243,
     "Ron Kirk": 1955758,
     "Scott Lanier Jameson": 35538,
     "Roy H. Williams": 25051
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2006,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 4314663,
    "votes": {
     "Kay Bailey Hutchison": 2661789,
     "Barbara Ann Radnofsky": 1555202,
     "Scott Lanier Jameson": 97672
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2008,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 7912075,
    "votes": {
     "John Cornyn": 4337469,
     "Richard J. \"rick\" Noriega": 3389365,
     "Yvonne Adams Schick": 185241
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2012,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 7864822,
    "votes": {
     "Ted Cruz": 4440137,
     "Paul Sadler": 3194927,
     "John Jay Myers": 162354,
     "David B. Collins": 67404
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2014,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 4648358,
    "votes": {
     "John Cornyn": 2861531,
     "David M. Alameel": 1597387,
     "Rebecca Paddock": 133751,
     "Emily \"spicybrown\" Sanchez": 54701
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2018,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 8371655,
    "votes": {
     "Ted Cruz": 4260553,
     "Beto O'rourke": 4045632,
     "Neal M. Dikeman": 65470
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2020,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 11144040,
    "votes": {
     "John Cornyn": 5962983,
     "Mary \"mj\" Hegar": 4888764,
     "Kerry Douglas Mckennon": 209722,
     "David B. Collins": 81893
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 11291854,
    "votes": {
     "Ted Cruz": 5990741,
     "Colin Allred": 5031249,
     "Ted Brown": 267039
    }
   }
  ],
  "dataset": "senate-results",
  "version": "2026-10-25.247421eda6"
 },
 "table": {
  "title": "Every Senate race since 1976",
  "columns": [
   "Race",
   "Winner",
   "Runner-up",
   "Margin",
   "Votes"
  ],
  "num": [
   3,
   4
  ],
  "rows": [
   [
    "2024",
    "Ted Cruz (R) 53.1%",
    "Colin Allred (D) 44.6%",
    "8.5 pts",
    "11,291,854"
   ],
   [
    "2020",
    "John Cornyn (R) 53.5%",
    "Mary \"mj\" Hegar (D) 43.9%",
    "9.6 pts",
    "11,144,040"
   ],
   [
    "2018",
    "Ted Cruz (R) 50.9%",
    "Beto O'rourke (D) 48.3%",
    "2.6 pts",
    "8,371,655"
   ],
   [
    "2014",
    "John Cornyn (R) 61.6%",
    "David M. Alameel (D) 34.4%",
    "27.2 pts",
    "4,648,358"
   ],
   [
    "2012",
    "Ted Cruz (R) 56.5%",
    "Paul Sadler (D) 40.6%",
    "15.8 pts",
    "7,864,822"
   ],
   [
    "2008",
    "John Cornyn (R) 54.8%",
    "Richard J. \"rick\" Noriega (D) 42.8%",
    "12.0 pts",
    "7,912,075"
   ],
   [
    "2006",
    "Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) 61.7%",
    "Barbara Ann Radnofsky (D) 36.0%",
    "25.6 pts",
    "4,314,663"
   ],
   [
    "2002",
    "John Cornyn (R) 55.3%",
    "Ron Kirk (D) 43.3%",
    "12.0 pts",
    "4,514,012"
   ],
   [
    "2000",
    "Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) 65.1%",
    "Gene Kelly (D) 32.3%",
    "32.8 pts",
    "6,267,964"
   ],
   [
    "1996",
    "Phil Gramm (R) 54.8%",
    "Victor M. Morales (D) 43.9%",
    "10.8 pts",
    "5,527,441"
   ],
   [
    "1994",
    "Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) 60.8%",
    "Richard Fisher (D) 38.3%",
    "22.5 pts",
    "4,279,940"
   ],
   [
    "1990",
    "Phil Gramm (R) 60.2%",
    "Hugh Parmer (D) 37.4%",
    "22.8 pts",
    "3,822,157"
   ],
   [
    "1988",
    "Lloyd Bentsen (D) 59.2%",
    "Beau Boulter (R) 40.0%",
    "19.2 pts",
    "5,323,606"
   ],
   [
    "1984",
    "Phil Gramm (R) 58.5%",
    "Lloyd Doggett (D) 41.4%",
    "17.1 pts",
    "5,314,178"
   ],
   [
    "1982",
    "Lloyd Bentsen (D) 58.6%",
    "Jim Collins (R) 40.5%",
    "18.1 pts",
    "3,103,167"
   ],
   [
    "1978",
    "John G. Tower (R) 49.8%",
    "Robert Krueger (D) 49.3%",
    "0.5 pts",
    "2,312,540"
   ],
   [
    "1976",
    "Lloyd Bentsen (D) 56.8%",
    "Alan Steelman (R) 42.2%",
    "14.5 pts",
    "3,874,230"
   ]
  ]
 },
 "api": {
  "now": "/data/places/us-tx/senate.json",
  "source": "https://api.electiondata.dev/v1/senate-results/download/senate-results.csv",
  "source_label": "Every Senate race, every state, from electiondata.dev (live, no key)"
 },
 "generated_at": "2026-10-26T20:05:12+00:00"
}