{
 "topic": "senate",
 "site": "electiondata.dev",
 "place": {
  "id": "us-ca",
  "name": "California",
  "level": "us-state",
  "parent": "usa",
  "path": "us/ca",
  "slug": "ca",
  "state": "ca",
  "state_name": "California",
  "state_id": "us-ca"
 },
 "question": "How did California vote for the Senate?",
 "answer": {
  "verdict": "Adam B. Schiff (Democrat) won by 17.7 points",
  "value": 17.7,
  "unit": " pts",
  "digits": 1,
  "label": "Senate, 2024: winner's margin",
  "lines": [
   "Adam B. Schiff (Democrat) 58.9%, Steve Garvey (Republican) 41.1%",
   "15,348,846 votes for Senate candidates",
   "Also in 2024: 2024 special, Adam B. Schiff (Democrat) won by 17.5 points"
  ]
 },
 "as_of": "2024",
 "as_of_label": "2024",
 "charts": [
  {
   "id": "senate-margin",
   "title": "Every regular Senate election in California since 1976",
   "description": "17 regular elections; Democrats were ahead in 14 and Republicans in 3.",
   "indicator": "Democratic candidate's share of Senate votes minus the Republican's, points (regular elections; special elections are in the table)",
   "subtitle": "Democratic share minus Republican share, in points. Above the line: the Democrat got more votes.",
   "x": {
    "kind": "year"
   },
   "y": {
    "digits": 1,
    "unit": " pts",
    "format": "party-margin"
   },
   "layers": [
    {
     "type": "bars",
     "name": "Margin",
     "base": 0,
     "points": [
      [
       1976,
       -3.294,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1980,
       19.37,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1982,
       -6.759,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1986,
       1.418,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1988,
       -8.787,
       "rep"
      ],
      [
       1992,
       4.901,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1994,
       1.904,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       1998,
       10.045,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2000,
       19.256,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2004,
       19.91,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2006,
       24.416,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2010,
       10.011,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2012,
       25.048,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2016,
       100,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2018,
       100,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2022,
       22.13,
       "dem"
      ],
      [
       2024,
       17.746,
       "dem"
      ]
     ],
     "legend": [
      {
       "label": "Democrat ahead",
       "cls": "dem"
      },
      {
       "label": "Republican ahead",
       "cls": "rep"
      }
     ]
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "limits": [
  "Statewide totals say nothing about who voted or why.",
  "Candidates with a party's support under another name (Minnesota's DFL, New York's fusion lines) are counted with that party, as the MIT data's simplified party does; independents stay independents."
 ],
 "method": "Each candidate's votes are summed over every ballot line; blank, over- and under-votes are left out. The margin is the winner's share of the votes minus the runner-up's. A runoff, where held, is the result.",
 "sources": [
  {
   "name": "electiondata.dev senate-results, version 2026-10-25.247421eda6",
   "url": "https://electiondata.dev/",
   "license": "CC0 1.0"
  },
  {
   "name": "MIT Election Data and Science Lab, U.S. Senate statewide 1976-2024",
   "url": "https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/PEJ5QU",
   "license": "CC0 1.0"
  }
 ],
 "check": {
  "races": [
   {
    "year": 1976,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 7470586,
    "votes": {
     "S. I. (sam) Hayakawa": 3748973,
     "John V. Tunney": 3502862,
     "David Wald": 104383,
     "Jack Mccoy": 82739,
     "Omari Musa": 31629
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1980,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 8324012,
    "votes": {
     "Alan Cranston": 4704098,
     "Paul Gann": 3091671,
     "David Bergland": 202410,
     "David Wald": 196260,
     "James C. (jim) Griffin": 129573
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1982,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 7805450,
    "votes": {
     "Pete Wilson": 4022565,
     "Edmund G. Brown Jr.": 3494968,
     "Joseph Fuhrig": 107720,
     "David Wald": 96388,
     "Theresa \"tena\" Dietrich": 83809
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1986,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 7398462,
    "votes": {
     "Alan Cranston": 3646672,
     "Ed Zschau": 3541804,
     "Edward B. \"ed\" Vallen": 109856,
     "Breck Mckinley": 66261,
     "Paul Kangas": 33869
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1988,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 9743598,
    "votes": {
     "Pete Wilson": 5143409,
     "Leo Mccarthy": 4287253,
     "M. Elizabeth Munoz": 166600,
     "Jack Dean": 79997,
     "Merton D. Short": 66288
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1992,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 10799703,
    "votes": {
     "Barbara Boxer": 5173467,
     "Bruce Herschensohn": 4644182,
     "Jerome \"jerry\" Mccready": 373051,
     "Genevieve Torres": 372817,
     "June R. Genis": 235919
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1992,
    "special": true,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 10782743,
    "votes": {
     "Dianne Feinstein": 5853651,
     "John Seymour": 4093501,
     "Gerald Horne": 305697,
     "Paul Meeuwenberg": 281973,
     "Richard B. Boddie": 247799
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1994,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 8514089,
    "votes": {
     "Dianne Feinstein": 3979152,
     "Michael Huffington": 3817025,
     "Elizabeth Cervantes Barron": 255301,
     "Richard Benjamin Boddie": 179100,
     "Paul Meeuwenberg": 142771,
     "Barbara Blong": 140567
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 1998,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 8311905,
    "votes": {
     "Barbara Boxer": 4410056,
     "Matt Fong": 3575078,
     "Ted Brown": 93926,
     "Timothy R. Erich": 82918,
     "H. Joseph Perrin Sr.": 54699,
     "Ophie C. Beltran": 48685,
     "Brian M. Rees": 46543
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2000,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 10623608,
    "votes": {
     "Dianne Feinstein": 5932522,
     "Tom Campbell": 3886853,
     "Medea Susan Benjamin": 326828,
     "Gail Katherine Lightfoot": 187718,
     "Diane Beall Templin": 134598,
     "Jose Luis \"joe\" Camahort": 96552,
     "Brian M. Rees": 58537
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2004,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 12053295,
    "votes": {
     "Barbara Boxer": 6955728,
     "Bill Jones": 4555922,
     "Marsha Feinland": 243846,
     "James P. \"jim\" Gray": 216522,
     "Don J. Grundmann": 81224
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2006,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 8541476,
    "votes": {
     "Dianne Feinstein": 5076289,
     "Richard \"dick\" Mountjoy": 2990822,
     "Todd Chretien": 147074,
     "Michael S. Metti": 133851,
     "Marsha Feinland": 117764,
     "Don J. Grundmann": 75350
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2010,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 10000160,
    "votes": {
     "Barbara Boxer": 5218441,
     "Carly Fiorina": 4217366,
     "Gail K. Lightfoot": 175242,
     "Marsha Feinland": 135093,
     "Duane Roberts": 128510,
     "Edward C. Noonan": 125441
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2012,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 12578511,
    "votes": {
     "Dianne Feinstein": 7864624,
     "Elizabeth Emken": 4713887
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2016,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 12244170,
    "votes": {
     "Kamala D. Harris": 7542753,
     "Loretta Sanchez": 4701417
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2018,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 11113364,
    "votes": {
     "Dianne Feinstein": 6019422,
     "Kevin De Leon": 5093942
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2022,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 10843650,
    "votes": {
     "Alex Padilla": 6621621,
     "Mark P. Meuser": 4222029
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2022,
    "special": true,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 10771758,
    "votes": {
     "Alex Padilla": 6559308,
     "Mark P. Meuser": 4212450
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "special": false,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 15348846,
    "votes": {
     "Adam B. Schiff": 9036252,
     "Steve Garvey": 6312594
    }
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "special": true,
    "runoff": false,
    "total": 15041688,
    "votes": {
     "Adam B. Schiff": 8837051,
     "Steve Garvey": 6204637
    }
   }
  ],
  "dataset": "senate-results",
  "version": "2026-10-25.247421eda6"
 },
 "table": {
  "title": "Every Senate race since 1976",
  "columns": [
   "Race",
   "Winner",
   "Runner-up",
   "Margin",
   "Votes"
  ],
  "num": [
   3,
   4
  ],
  "rows": [
   [
    "2024 special",
    "Adam B. Schiff (D) 58.8%",
    "Steve Garvey (R) 41.2%",
    "17.5 pts",
    "15,041,688"
   ],
   [
    "2024",
    "Adam B. Schiff (D) 58.9%",
    "Steve Garvey (R) 41.1%",
    "17.7 pts",
    "15,348,846"
   ],
   [
    "2022 special",
    "Alex Padilla (D) 60.9%",
    "Mark P. Meuser (R) 39.1%",
    "21.8 pts",
    "10,771,758"
   ],
   [
    "2022",
    "Alex Padilla (D) 61.1%",
    "Mark P. Meuser (R) 38.9%",
    "22.1 pts",
    "10,843,650"
   ],
   [
    "2018",
    "Dianne Feinstein (D) 54.2%",
    "Kevin De Leon (D) 45.8%",
    "8.3 pts",
    "11,113,364"
   ],
   [
    "2016",
    "Kamala D. Harris (D) 61.6%",
    "Loretta Sanchez (D) 38.4%",
    "23.2 pts",
    "12,244,170"
   ],
   [
    "2012",
    "Dianne Feinstein (D) 62.5%",
    "Elizabeth Emken (R) 37.5%",
    "25.0 pts",
    "12,578,511"
   ],
   [
    "2010",
    "Barbara Boxer (D) 52.2%",
    "Carly Fiorina (R) 42.2%",
    "10.0 pts",
    "10,000,160"
   ],
   [
    "2006",
    "Dianne Feinstein (D) 59.4%",
    "Richard \"dick\" Mountjoy (R) 35.0%",
    "24.4 pts",
    "8,541,476"
   ],
   [
    "2004",
    "Barbara Boxer (D) 57.7%",
    "Bill Jones (R) 37.8%",
    "19.9 pts",
    "12,053,295"
   ],
   [
    "2000",
    "Dianne Feinstein (D) 55.8%",
    "Tom Campbell (R) 36.6%",
    "19.3 pts",
    "10,623,608"
   ],
   [
    "1998",
    "Barbara Boxer (D) 53.1%",
    "Matt Fong (R) 43.0%",
    "10.0 pts",
    "8,311,905"
   ],
   [
    "1994",
    "Dianne Feinstein (D) 46.7%",
    "Michael Huffington (R) 44.8%",
    "1.9 pts",
    "8,514,089"
   ],
   [
    "1992 special",
    "Dianne Feinstein (D) 54.3%",
    "John Seymour (R) 38.0%",
    "16.3 pts",
    "10,782,743"
   ],
   [
    "1992",
    "Barbara Boxer (D) 47.9%",
    "Bruce Herschensohn (R) 43.0%",
    "4.9 pts",
    "10,799,703"
   ],
   [
    "1988",
    "Pete Wilson (R) 52.8%",
    "Leo Mccarthy (D) 44.0%",
    "8.8 pts",
    "9,743,598"
   ],
   [
    "1986",
    "Alan Cranston (D) 49.3%",
    "Ed Zschau (R) 47.9%",
    "1.4 pts",
    "7,398,462"
   ],
   [
    "1982",
    "Pete Wilson (R) 51.5%",
    "Edmund G. Brown Jr. (D) 44.8%",
    "6.8 pts",
    "7,805,450"
   ],
   [
    "1980",
    "Alan Cranston (D) 56.5%",
    "Paul Gann (R) 37.1%",
    "19.4 pts",
    "8,324,012"
   ],
   [
    "1976",
    "S. I. (sam) Hayakawa (R) 50.2%",
    "John V. Tunney (D) 46.9%",
    "3.3 pts",
    "7,470,586"
   ]
  ]
 },
 "api": {
  "now": "/data/places/us-ca/senate.json",
  "source": "https://api.electiondata.dev/v1/senate-results/download/senate-results.csv",
  "source_label": "Every Senate race, every state, from electiondata.dev (live, no key)"
 },
 "generated_at": "2026-10-26T20:05:12+00:00"
}